He went second to home on a single 82% of the time, which was 16th-best among 131 players. But thats never safe against a hitter like Betts, who launched it deep over the left-center-field wall at Surprise Stadium. His 2012 projections are strong I think thats in the ballpark. Every other player produced at an incredibly high level from age 26 to age 35, maintaining their hitting line from 26 to 35 that they had in their early 20s. Jeff, one of the authors of the fantasy baseball guide,The Process, writes for RotoGraphs, The Hardball Times, Rotowire, Baseball America, and BaseballHQ. He looked like a pitcher.. One of the hottest young prospects in baseball right now is Atlanta's Jason Heyward. The Fans: .279/.378/.468, 21 HR. But in the previous five years, he had bounced between eight different organizations, unable to find his footing in the majors before an opportunity arose with the Dodgers. It doesnt matter that Heyward has still been productive; he looks like he should be a beast of a hitter, so its odd to see him hit singles and doubles. Its really impressive to see a guy go out there and throw a ton of strikes and throw strikes with his offspeed pitches. Consequently, his walk rate has dropped from 14.6 percent to 11.1 percent. Play-by-play data prior to 2002 was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted
Currently, Yahoo! and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. Drafted: 2007 June Amateur Draft - Round: 1, Pick: 14, Overall: 14, Team: Atlanta Braves. Hes hit 24 homers the last two years combined. Only Al Kaline, Willie Mays, Ken Griffey, Jr., and Alex Rodriguez were within 15 runs on defense and ahead of him on offense. Last season, Oviedos fastball had five fewer inches of rise or more sink than four-seam fastballs at similar velocities. Manager Dave Roberts indicated Taylor would spend 20 to 25 percent of the games there, in addition to his usual work in the outfield. Miguel Rojas will replace Lux at shortstop. Advanced fielding statistics Ultimate Zone Rating (. Play-by-play data prior to 2002 was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted
They were like, Why are you not throwing it with a [sinker] grip and try to get used to it and learn how to throw it?. A year ago, Jason Heyward was a fantasy baseball stud muffin. A few trade pickups last year are rated highly in 2023. Dodgers' Jason Heyward on new environment that's more his speed. Here are their total numbers from age 26 through age 35, a total of ten seasons per player. FanGraphs crowdsourcing puts Heywards predicted contract at eight years and $184 million while Dave Cameron predicted a return to the Cardinals on a nine-year, $195 million contract with an opt-out after four years, making the value of the contract in excess of $200 million. Roberts described Jason Heyward, the former Cub who came to Dodgers camp as a non-roster invite, as "more than adequate" in the field at center. There are two graphs below estimating the value of Heywards comps over the next ten years. Lacking in top shelf power, Heyward still provided solid numbers on offense, and after a disappointing start with he Cardinals, he hit .306/.375/.455 with a wRC+ of 130 from the beginning of May to the end of the season. If you took Jason Heyward in your draft this year you almost certainly spent a pretty penny on him. Play-by-play data prior to 2002 was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted
This is how it usually works with increases in pulled grounders: Its a consequence of taking a more power-centric approach. 5 seed Indiana State Sycamores (22-11, 13-7 MVC) in the MVC Tournament Saturday at Enterprise Center, beginning at 3:30 PM on CBS Sports Network. dodgersnation.com - Jeff Snider 10h Read more on dodgersnation.com This spring, Heyward has hit 18 flies and liners, and hes sent two of them toward left. 2023 Updated In-Season Projections Double-digit steals is a nice perk for a guy with potentially elite OBP and power numbers. Heaney added that, in the regular season, he probably wouldnt have thrown that pitch in that situation. by Retrosheet. . How many hitters (much less 21-year-old hitters) could manage a league-average batting line in the majors while injured and watching so many balls put in play gravitate toward gloves? Phillies (24th, 1.4 WAR) With Bryce Harper undergoing Tommy John surgery and likely to miss the first half of the season, the spotlight is again on Nick Castellanos, whose performance in the first year of his five-year, $100 million deal was downright dreadful. Looking solely at defense, these are the types of players who compare with Heyward. All UZR (ultimate zone rating) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman. Play-by-play data prior to 2002 was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted
Heywards .113 ISO was no less than 71 points below his career mark entering this year, he slugged just .384 and notched only 58 RBIs, despite making about one-third of his plate appearances as the fifth hitter in the Braves order. Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by Major League Baseball. Updated: Saturday, March 4, 2023 4:51 PM ET, Park Factors
Heyward was coming off a rookie season in which he popped 18 home runs and batted .277/.393/.456 at age 20, tying him with Ty Cobb for the by Handedness. All Win Expectancy, Leverage Index, Run Expectancy, and Fans Scouting Report data licenced from TangoTiger.com. Using the players from the chart above, here is how those players played from age 26 through age 30, the first five years of a potential Jason Heyward contract. Jason Hayward signed an 8-year/$184,000,000 contract with the Chicago Cubs, which includes a $20,000,000 signing bonus, $184,000,000 guaranteed, and an annual average salary of $23,000,000. Injuries happen and players decline unexpectedly. Follow him on Twitter @jeffwzimmerman. This production is, quite frankly, incredible. While hes never going to be a big stolen base threat, hes a quality athlete for a power forward-sized corner outfielder. The line was rough from lefty starter Austin Gomber on Tuesday against the Rangers four runs on five hits, including a Clint Frazier home run, while recording two outs. Heyward did it all offensively as a rookie: he showed superb plate discipline (a 14.6% walk rate), hit for power (a .179 Isolated Power) and didnt punch out at an exorbitant rate (20.5 K%). 2022 Updated In-Season Projections FanGraphs Shirts. Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by Major League Baseball. Heyward went first to third on a single 15 of 32 times according to BIS, and thats not quite Trout-level (62%), but it was 15th-best of 180 qualified players. The Chicago Cubs outfielder hit a third of batted balls in play in the air in 2016, but saw his slugging percentage dip to a career-low (.325) due to his exit velocity . Heyward does need to keep the ball of the grass and pare down the pop ups to truly tap into his power, but its important to remember that hes still younger than many celebrated rookies and prospects. Tony Conigliaro was unfortunately never the same after a pitch permanently injured him, while other players like Ruben Sierra and Carlos Baerga simply did not produce despite opportunities. Andrew Heaney is fine with throwing meatballs. Lets focus on Heyward and power for a minute, then. The first graph is conservative, beginning the estimation of a cost of a win at $7 million with inflation set at five percent per year (although salaries have been rising at a rate greater than that amount in recent seasons and are up about 50% from half a dozen seasons ago). Jason Heyward graphs for Major League baseball. Kiner-Falefa had a slash line of .261/.314/.327 . and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. Contract: 8 yr, $184M (2016-23) AAV: $23.0M. Sort the leaderboards for UBR or Ultimate BaseRunning, and Heyward floats to the top. Roberts described Jason Heyward, the former Cub who came to Dodgers camp as a non-roster invite, as "more than adequate" in the field at center. Updated: Saturday, March 4, 2023 4:51 PM ET, Park Factors
and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. by Handedness, Whos Been (Un)luckyThe Starting Pitchers. Instead, Heywards dinger deficiency has been the byproduct of some ominous declines: Whats changed? Consider this an expansion on Matt Klaasens crowning of Jason Heyward as the King oF Little Things if you will. All of this he managed while only stealing 21 bases. Those are just selective links, but they show Heyward with a right-center approach, and a good amount of batted-ball authority. It could have something to do with the. Bothered by a right shoulder injury that has lingered since spring training and pushed him to the DL in late May, Heyward has yet to reach the double digits in home runs and has drawn criticism from Chipper Jones regarding his ability to play through injuries. Over the last four years, he hasnt had a wRC+ under 110 or over 121, but theres so clearly the potential for so much more than that too few people have come away satisfied. If Heyward had one or two games where he hit everything the other way, that would make this look way different, and thats why its too early to say anything. Jeff Zimmerman found that speedy players, like Heyward, age better than the rest of the baseball population. Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by Major League Baseball. Castellanos hit just .263/.305/.389 for a 94 wRC+ (matching his career-worst mark . Our premise is that their bad (or All Win Expectancy, Leverage Index, Run Expectancy, and Fans Scouting Report data licenced from TangoTiger.com. and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. Over the last four years, he hasn't had a wRC+ under 110 or over 121, but there's so clearly the. Gotta elevate if youre going to be pull-focused. The general concern around Heyward and defense is twofold. He hit 27 home runs in 2012, but recorded just 13 of them this year along with an isolated slugging percentage of .146, essentially league average. Thats just how it goes. Dodgers outfielder Jason Heyward had glowing praise for manager Dave Roberts, whom he calls a "baseball rat" who loves being around the game. Overall, the group still put up above average numbers offensively. His plate discipline improved as well, as he set a new career best with a 15.1% strikeout rate, fueled by his best SwStr% and Contact% rates yet. Hows it going to go? Limiting Heyward comps solely to free agents leaves little by way of realistic comparison. by Retrosheet. Jason Heyward got more credit for his defense than Mike Trout, by our numbers. He will split time with utility player Chris Taylor, who started at shortstop against Texas on Wednesday. All Win Expectancy, Leverage Index, Run Expectancy, and Fans Scouting Report data licenced from TangoTiger.com. Out of 11 players, only Jim Fregosis production would not have justified a $200 million contract. Because it means Wheeler is now throwing a four-seam fastball, a sinker, a cutter, a tight slider, a bigger slider (aka the sweeper), a curveball and, occasionally, a changeup. Its easy to lose sight of Heywards age, considering that he has been in the majors for two years, stands 6-foot-5, 240 pounds and could probably grow a beard by noon if he shaved right now. The team is confident in . Jason Heyward CF B/T: L/L 6' 5" 240LBS Age: 33 Draft: 2007 Rd: 1, #14, Atlanta Braves Henry County (GA) HS Player Apps Pitch Highlighter Player Similarity Shifts Swing Take Profile illustrator Zone Swing Profile Player Comparison Transaction History Show Random Video Stats Statcast Standard Splits Game Logs MLB Minors Batting Fielding Visuals So I was like, Im just gonna kind of throw it at him down the middle. And he hit it out. Historically, Heyward has hit about 30% of his flies and liners toward left. by Handedness. Heywards production, meanwhile, has been excellent from an early age, similar to multiple Hall of Famers. Play-by-play data prior to 2002 was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted
Contact David at david.golebiewski@gmail.com and check out his work at Journalist For Hire. Apparently the Dodgers will do anything to keep James Outman on the farm. Others call it a slurve or even a whirlybird. This spring, Heyward has hit 17 grounders, and hes pulled all but one of them. For my ease, I took five-year averages for both WAR and the cost of a win when calculating the total. Teams should, and likely do, look at adding years to a contract as spreading out money over a longer time period rather than seeking an extra year of value. 2023 Pre-Season Projections Updated: Saturday, March 4, 2023 4:51 PM ET, Park Factors
My favorite minor story line this season is that the Cubs are paying about $40 million to replace Heyward with Bellinger, and the Dodgers are paying about $0 to replace Bellinger with Heyward. Reported as the pre-2023 season number of waiver options remaining. From BIS, Heyward had the highest range numbers in the business. First, there are questions as to whether Heyward is actually worth as much as the defensive metrics say he is. rates Jason Heyward as the 28th best fantasy outfielder. As expected, their value on defense drops over the next ten years, but a curious thing has happened to their offensive numbers simultaneously. Searching again for players from 1960 to 2007, limiting those players through age-25 within 20% of Heywards PAs, but instead of using WAR, look at players with a wRC+ between 110 and 125 and within 15 points of Heywards 121 wRC+ at age 25. Anyhow, heres where Heyward has hit baseballs in spring 2016: Of course Im wary of talking about anything based on so little data. FanGraphs Mugs. Yeah, if continued this would make him shiftable. From 2017 to 2019, he hit .260/.335/.406 for a 96 wRC+ He seemed. That is a major boost for lefty pull hitters like Soto (who hit 38.1 percent of his balls in play to the right field side last season, per Fangraphs). All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location,
Obviously, Heyward is nowhere near as good as Rodriguez was then, but the argument for blowing the budget to sign him is a similar one. and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location,
All UZR (ultimate zone rating) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman. All Win Expectancy, Leverage Index, Run Expectancy, and Fans Scouting Report data licenced from TangoTiger.com. Play-by-play data prior to 2002 was obtained free of charge from and is copyrighted
It happens. Read him here, writing about the A's or Giants at The Athletic, or about beer at October. Heyward, a .211-hitter in 2021 and 2022, made significant swing changes over the winter. The Yankees finished second in the majors and first in the American League in 2022 with 4.98 runs scored per game. With the exception of ZiPS, the projection systems (and the fans) see Heyward as more of a .270 hitter with a high OBP and 20-homer power in 2012: ZiPS: .255/.360/.427, 17 HR and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. And then well see if he wants to stay on the same course. and play-by-play data provided by Sports Info Solutions. The lack of power does prevent easy comparison to most free agent mega-deals. No matter which group you look at, he is likely to be a productive player at age 30. All Win Expectancy, Leverage Index, Run Expectancy, and Fans Scouting Report data licenced from TangoTiger.com. All UZR (ultimate zone rating) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman. Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by Major League Baseball. Its not surprising. All UZR (ultimate zone rating) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman. But as far as I believe, batted-ball distributions arent as noisy as, say, BABIP. Just to be clear, this isnt a matter of Heyward trading fly balls for line drives; his batted ball distribution, including his GB/FB rate, has stayed remarkably steady over the past three seasons, a period that includes his 2012 campaign in which he bashed a career-high 27 home runs. Historically, Heyward has pulled just over half his grounders. Quinn worked this winter with hitting consultant Ryan Sutterer, who analyzed Quinns body movements and helped him understand how he can repeat his mechanics on a consistent basis. It really had good numbers on the computer. Solid production, that, despite some disappointing seasons mixed in. Now, just two years later, weve got Mike Trout and Bryce Harper one-upping them. As teams expect to get the best production at the beginning of the contract, they understand that a contract will likely underpay the player in the early years and potentially overpay him as he ages with the surplus from the beginning ideally canceling out the loss at the end. But a lot of the value Heyward accumulated last season he did in a fashion that might seem Troutian. His work for Inside Edge Scouting Services has appeared on ESPN.com and Yahoo.com, and he was a fantasy baseball columnist for Rotoworld from 2009-2010. Look at Jason Heyward. Interesting stuff, but isnt this potentially terrible news for Heyward given that the spring spray chart only shows a significant pull increase on ground balls rather than all contact and pulled ground balls have by far the lowest success rate of any balls in play? All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location,
The ZiPS top prospect list (ranking on the basis of minor league stats and player comps - no scouting) is going to make you sad, because outfield prospect Alexander Canario shows up at number 33. There are few who doubt that, after finishing up his sixth season in Major League Baseball, Jason Heyward is a good player. It may sound strange, but in a way Heywards 2011 season is actually a testament to his supreme ability. He swung at more pitches thrown outside of the strike zone (28.3%, compared to 23.3% in 2010), which led to a dip in his walk rate (11.2 BB%). All UZR (ultimate zone rating) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman. In particular, Heyward has a .188 BABIP on ground balls. I think the Bogaerts and Carpenter examples are meant to show that, while ground ball pull rate might not seem to be related to power at all (as you say, ground balls are not that great usually), Jeff thinks of it as an indicator of change.. The No. That Aaron Boone batting order is plugged into the Lineup . But even so, it seems like he has endured some bad luck on balls put in play. $8? He's won Tout Wars three times, LABR twice, and got his first NFBC Main Event win in 2021. Dodgers Add Jason Heyward LA signs five-time Gold Glover to a minor league deal with an invite to major league camp via Bleacher Report Jason Heyward Cubs Moving On from Heyward Team. If he took the same type of offensive step forward as Carlos Beltran and Reggie Smith, he might win an MVP. I looked for outfielders from 1960 to 2007 who produced defensive runs above average (which includes the positional adjustment) within 20 runs of Heywards 61.9 runs above average mark. So its difficult to shake the tinge of disappointment thats come to hang around Heyward in the past couple of years, not necessarily because hes done anything wrong he is, after all, just 25 years old and boasts a career .345 wOBA but because in him we see fantasy studliness, and cant help but feel let down each year when he falls short of making good on his immense potential. His 23 percent infield/fly ball rate is third-highest in the majors, trailing only Corey Patterson and Mark Trumbo. With an acknowledgment to the variance in sample size, we can compare the pitch locations of his 2014 against his first four big league seasons: As you might have guessed, thats bad news for Heyward, who, like many left-handed hitters, does his best work when hes able to feast on balls down and in. Mike Trout represented, perhaps, a belief that we could quantify the other aspects of the game and assign them value. by Handedness. The way hitters hit the ball is a reflection of the swing and the approach, and so look at what you see above. How much will he be worth? He flew out to center field in his other at-bat in Friday's game. Carpenter upped his power output, and his grounder pull rate jumped from 53% to 68%. Greatest Careers Through Age 25 Since World War II, Jason Heyward WAR Comps, Age 26 to Age 30, Jason Heyward WAR Comps, Age 26 to Age 35, Jason Heyward Offense-Only Comps Through Age 25, Jason Heyward Offense-Only Comps, Age 26 Through Age 35, Jason Heyward Defense-Only Comps Through Age 26, Jason Heyward Defense-Only Comps, Age 26 Through Age 35. Putting everything together, we still have not placed a value on those wins. I was like, I really just want to see a strike, Heaney said. Aggravating as it might be, we dont know the answers to those questions. As such, its hard to decide what to make of Heywards 2014 season, in which he finished 34th among outfielders in Zach Sanders rankings, as he made strides as a contact hitter while taking a step back in the power department. Heyward will get paid. FanSided 1 day Jason Heyward . Major League and Minor League Baseball data provided by Major League Baseball. Latest News/Blog Posts about Jason Heyward. The team appears content to begin the season with Trayce Thompson as the starter. According to Fangraphs, during his first six seasons, Jason Heyward was "worth" $198.1 million. All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location,
FanGraphs projects San Diego as the . As to the first, this is not the article to convince someone about advanced defensive metrics, but his highlight-reel catches, mutiple Gold Gloves and three Fielding Bible awards seem to indicate there is some consensus from all viewpoints on the excellence of Heyward as a fielder. by Retrosheet. Attempting to measure defense with advanced statistics like UZR and DRS has its critics, and attempting to place a value on it can be difficult. Dropping down Heywards offense by 20 runs still yields no other results. Interestingly, although Heyward swung less frequently than in any season since his 2010 debut, he finished with a 10.3% walk rate thats below his career average and set a new personal low for pitches per plate appearance. Believe it or not, on a team with Chipper Jones, Brian McCann, Freddie Freeman, and Martin Prado, Bourn was tied with Jason Heyward with the most fWAR for position players on the Atlanta Braves. Its not so stark there are reasonable arguments to be made for Cabreras dominance at the plate, even if they rely on team- and division-based outcomes in the end but there was some of that bubbling under the surface of the debate. The other groups, with players similar to some aspect of Heywards game, but inferior in other ways, make Heyward a high-quality player, one perhaps worthy of a $200 million contract, but not a Hall of Famer. Jacoby Ellsbury just finished Year Two of his contract. With Taylor refocusing on the infield, Roberts suggested he would be less likely to fill the void at center field. Granted, we cant just assume that Heyward will stay healthy from here on out (he had a thumb injury as a rookie and had some minor hip and shin ailments before that), but those are conservative projections if he does come to camp with a mended shoulder. May 23, 2011 Atlanta Braves placed RF Jason Heyward on the 15-day disabled list retroactive to May 22, 2011. Technically, the entire 1927 Yankees couldnt legally buy a beer, either. The former Yankees and Rangers first baseman topped out at 97 mph from the left side and struck out the first batter he faced swinging on an offspeed pitch. He clobbered 27 homers when he was 22. Heywards value also wasnt helped by a Braves lineup that finished among baseballs worst in wOBA and runs scored, and if the Braves were to move Evan Gattis this winter to make room for Christian Bethancourt, the lineup likely would only be weaker in 2015. But as long as were just having fun here, consider a few numbers. Im a little stubborn in that way. Heywards infield hit rate is three percent, which is in the same range as David Ortiz, Vladimir Guerrero and Billy Butler, guys whose times to first base are measured with sun dials instead of stop watches. Throw caution to the wind, even. I was just saying the other day that there hasnt been a free agent whos so valuable in this particular waya combination of very good performance and youthsince A-Rod in 2000. All UZR (ultimate zone rating) calculations are provided courtesy of Mitchel Lichtman. Indiana State vs Bradley MVC Tournament odds, tips and betting trends. by Retrosheet. Heyward remains a tempting upside guy on draft day, but its hard to bid on him too far beyond the price tag of a No. It would be a tragedy if nagging injuries keep him from playing to his full potential. Even if Heyward were to hit for more power, that might be offset by a drop in singles, or by an increase in strikeouts. While those deals might no look great now, age is a major factor. Brooklyn-based Jay Jaffe is a senior writer for FanGraphs, the author of The Cooperstown Casebook (Thomas Dunne Books, 2017) and the creator of the JAWS (Jaffe WAR Score) metric for Hall of Fame analysis. Last year he hit for almost zero power, and his grounder pull rate went from 68% to 43%. Age plays a crucial rule in projecting a players long-term performance, and Heyward still has plenty of development time left before he reaches what are typically the peak years of a hitters career. But consider this for a moment: despite those negatives, despite Heyward dealing with a lingering right shoulder injury and despite a 75 point drop in his batting average on balls in play (from .335 to .260), Heyward was still basically a league-average hitter in 2011. by Handedness, 2007 June Amateur Draft - Round: 1, Pick: 14, Overall: 14, Team: Atlanta Braves. Jason Heyward Reality Check | FanGraphs Membership Maybe you heard that some guy named Jason Heyward made the Atlanta Braves' Opening Day roster. Service Time : Reported as the pre-2022 value. But theres real doubt about his ability to deliver even 15 home runs or produce high amounts of runs and RBIs in that lineup, regardless of where he hits. Thompson revived his career in Los Angeles last summer, hitting 13 homers with a .901 OPS. While Heyward did fall into some bad habits at the plate last year and has some durability concerns, this is a perfect time to buy low on a youthful outfielder with superstar potential. Follow/harass him on Twitter @Karl_de_Vries. According to FanGraphs, the 26-year-old was worth 6.0 fWAR (FanGraphs' Wins Above Replacement) in '15the sixth most WAR among outfielders. For comparisons sake, the average age for hitters in the Low-A South Atlantic League (which Heyward aced at 18) was 21.4 in 2011. His work for Inside Edge Scouting Services has appeared on ESPN.com and Yahoo.com, and he was a fantasy baseball columnist for Rotoworld from 2009-2010. All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location,
by Retrosheet. by Handedness, 2007 June Amateur Draft - Round: 1, Pick: 14, Overall: 14, Team: Atlanta Braves. The chart below shows the varying WAR averages from above for Jason Heyward comps at age-26 through age-30, as well as 26-35. Donate to FanGraphs. Andy Pages emerging, however, could free Taylor up for the infield (we'll talk about him more in a bit). All major league baseball data including pitch type, velocity, batted ball location,
The 2023 series on team offense continues with the New York Yankees. To me, that looks light, and as a huge Heyward fan I am doing my best in putting that out there without bias. Swinging at more off-the-plate pitches, hitting the ball up the elevator shaft, smacking ground balls like a slap-hitting middle infielder none of these are good things. Ellsbury, now 32, has been worth 21 wins since turning 26 while Crawford, 34, has been worth 22 wins over the last eight seasons. Ottoneu Fantasy Baseball. Hes forever been a work in progress, so maybe hed change his focus on a whim. He has been a well above-average hitter in the majors at an age when most players are in a short-season league, A-Ball or college. 1 day ago. Then, showing off the kind of speed unexpected from a 6-foot-5, 250-pounder, Walker beat out a dribbler to third for an infield single. A decade ago, the serious baseball fan serious, as in desperately wanting to increase his or her chances of winning his or her fantasy league had few places to turn.
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